Atypical euthyroid presentation of Steroid Responsive Encephalopathy with Associated Thyroiditis
A Case Report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15173/mumj.v17i1.2340Keywords:
Hashimotos, steroid-responsive, encephalopathy, dementiaAbstract
Introduction
Steroid-responsive encephalopathy with associated thyroiditis (SREAT) is an autoimmune disease associated with antithyroid antibodies. Its clinical features are variable, ranging from sudden focal neurologic deficits to progressive sub-acute cognitive decline and thus, can mimic a host of other neurological and psychiatric conditions.
Case Presentation
We present the case of a previously healthy 62-year-old female with rapid onset neurocognitive and functional decline. EEG and MRI findings were consistent with an encephalopathy of unknown origin. Serologic findings revealed elevated antithyroid antibodies but were otherwise insignificant.
Conclusion
Steroid-responsive encephalopathy with associated thyroiditis is typically a diagnosis of exclusion but should always be considered in cases of encephalopathy of unknown origin. The disorder is often underdiagnosed due to its variable presentation and poorly understood pathophysiology, but prognosis can be significantly improved with greater physician awareness and prompt management with corticosteroids.